بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
Bismillahir Rahmanir Raheem "In the
Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful”
السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ
وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ
As salaam alaykum ramatullahi wa
barakthu "May the peace of Allah be upon you, and His mercy and
blessings"
Dear friends,
One of the important activities
in Ramadan is to give Zakath – Compulsory donations to 8 groups of people in
the society. I would like to give very brief description about Zakath of Wealth.
Islam does not allow
any kind of exploitation and it clearly draws the line of actions which we have
to follow in our life. Zakath is not the favour of the giver but it is the
right of the poor people.
Islam advises us to
give Zakath correctly and if we do so there will not be much poverty and
economic inequality between people. After introducing very strict Zakath procedures
by Islamic Khaleefa Umar ibnu Khathab(RA) in Mecca and Madheena, after few
years there were no people to collect Zakath because everybody became rich and
no poor persons were not there. Like ways in Yemen also the Governor ( Muhad
ibnu Jabel (RA) ) from Yemen sent 1/3rd
Zakath fund to Khaleefa Umar ibnu Khathab (RA) saying that in Yemen this year 2/3rd
only need to distribute and rest of them are rich. Next year he sent back 2/3rd
of Zakath fund to Khaleefa Umar ibnu Khathab(RA) since that year most of them became rich. In 3rd
year the full amount he collected for Zakath sent to Khaleefa Umar ibnu Khathab(RA)
since at that time Yemen people became
rich and no poor people was there.
Rules of Zakath
Let us see rules of Zakath
There should be niyath
or intention in our mind that I am giving my compulsory Zakath for my wealth
for Allahu Thaala
Better give Zakath
directly instead of entrusting to organization. Don’t entrust any organization which
is not appointed by Islamic government.
If we entrust to your family/relatives
or any other person, you must do the Niyath and inform them that I am
entrusting you to pay my compulsory Zakath of wealth on belhalf of me for
Allahu thaala.
Zakatha must to give
to any of the 8 groups of people in the society. But very best to give those
eligible people in your family and relatives Because it gives not only the
reward of giving Zakath but also giving reward for creating better family
relation. Some of the eligible people are as follows,
1) The poor & the
needy – these people may have some wealth, but not enough to make up the nisab.
2)
The destitute – such people have nothing other than the very basic necessities;
they are worse off than the poor
3)
Those employed to collect the Zakath – this refers to those that collect as
well as distribute the Zakath.
4)
Muslim converts – traditionally, this category was for new Muslims who after
having become Muslim, faced extreme poverty due to their decision.
5)
Those who are indebted, but unable to settle their debt.
6)
Travelers who have run out of money and would therefore have no way of reaching
their final destination without help.
Zakath
cannot be used to build mosques, to bury the deceased, or to clear the debt of
the deceased.
Zakathable Items:
1. Zakath for Money:- If anyone has money
which is equivalent to 595 gm silver in a year then he/she must pay the Zakath
at the end of year. So he/she must have that much deposit in their hand in a
year. Zakath is only 2.5 % of amount on he/she has. Not only deposit but also
if someone gives debt to another then also the giver must pay Zakath with above
conditions.
2. Zakath for Trading/Business:
-
When someone starts trading and end of year he has goods equivalent to 595 gm
silver then they must pay Zakath. This also 2.5 % of amount on he/she has.
Where the place he/she trades there he/she needs to pay Zakath. The goods for
trading only need to consider means no need pay zakath on goods kept of his/her
personal purpose. Zakath has to pay on owned goods or money not on the money of
others. So trading started with loan will not come under Zakath till he/she
pays loan because the goods bought by loan will not become his/her goods. He must pay Zakath on his goods.
3. Zakath for
Animals:- Zakath on animals is payable every year, provided that the
stock exceeds the threshold of Zakath. Also, such animals should be of the type
that grazes naturally. In the case of sheep and goats, the minimum threshold is
40, when one sheep is due. Two sheep become due for 121, and three sheep for
201. Thereafter, one extra sheep is added for each 100.
With cows, the minimum
threshold is 30, and the rate is one male or female aged one year. If the cows
are 40, then one two-year old female cow is due. For 60 cows, two cows of one
year of age. With 70, two cows, one of them one year old and the other two
years. For 80 cows, the rate is two female cows of two years each. Then we move
up 10 at a time, increasing the liability pro rata.
In camels the
threshold is five camels when the rate is one sheep of more than one year of
age. For ten camels two sheep, and the rate goes up at each stage of five extra
camels.
For 25 camels the rate
is a she-camel of one year of age, or a male camel who has passed two years of
age. For 36 camels a she-camel of 2 years, and for 46, one over 3 years.
As for dairies and
fisheries, they should be treated as commercial ventures, and the same that
applies to business applies to them.
4) Zakath for food
grains:- In an year if anyone has harvested 960 liter food grains he
must pay 10% Zakath. But food grains which are keeping in raw form (which is
not peeled) should have to harvest 1920 liter, then only need to pay Zakath on
that. If we need to do irrigation and other expenses also coming then only 5%
is applicable.
5) Zakath for Jewelry/
Ornaments :- If someone keeps more gold and silver which is not normally use
then it has Zakath 2.5% as we discusses in case of Zakath for money.
6) Zakath for Salary, gratuity,
provident fund etc.:- Same rule as per Zakath for money. Our salary has some condition for Zakath for
money. Any form of allowance which is created by deducting from salary also has
same rule as for Zakath for money because it is a part of salary. Some
allowance which we are not sure will get or not/ or which is not created by deducted from salary has Zakath only after
completing one year from the date of money he/she has received.
Hope you got a small idea about Zakath. Please include me in your prayers
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